🌌 For the first time ever, the James Webb Space Telescope has detected brown dwarfs outside our galaxy! These unique objects, smaller than stars but much larger than planets like Jupiter, offer incredible insights into the process of star formation. The discovery comes with one of the most breathtaking images captured by JWST, showcasing the star-forming region NGC 602 in the Small Magellanic Cloud (SMC) galaxy. In this episode of Kainaati Gup Shup, astrophysicist Salman Hameed dives into the science behind brown dwarfs, what they reveal about cosmic formation, and the incredible technology of the James Webb Telescope. You can find the original paper about the discovery here: Peter Zeidler et al, Discovering Subsolar Metallicity Brown Dwarf Candidates in the Small Magellanic Cloud, The Astrophysical Journal (2024) https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.3847/1538-4357/ad779e #jameswebbspacetelescope #nasa #scienceexplained #jupiter #scienceexplained #astronomy #kainaatigupshup #astronomyadventures Subscribe to our NEW Kids English Channel here: https://www.youtube.com/@UCdIRtt8-Og1q99bkK5XBhoQ Subscribe to our Kids Channel here: https://www.youtube.com/@KainaatKids Subscribe to our English Channel here: https://www.youtube.com/@kainaatastronomyinenglish For more information about Kainaat Studios: https://www.kainaatstudios.com/ Sign up to our mailing list to get unseen content and hear special announcements! https://www.kainaatstudios.com/newsletter Follow us for more: Facebook https://www.facebook.com/kainaatstudios Twitter https://twitter.com/KainaatStudios Instagram https://www.instagram.com/kainaatstudios/ TikTok https://www.tiktok.com/@kainaatstudios LinkedIn https://www.linkedin.com/company/kainaat Salman Hameed has a PhD in astronomy and is Charles Taylor Chair and Professor of Integrated Science & Humanities at Hampshire College, and a member of the Five College Astronomy Department (FCAD) in Massachusetts, USA. He is also the CEO of the non-profit Kainaat Studios Credits: Written & Hosted by: Salman Hameed Edited by: Shehryar Shaikh Music: “Kainaat” by Umer Piracha Subtitles by: DigiCircle Images: NASA, Wikipedia, ESA, JWST & JPL-Caltech Galactic Orbiters (Founding Supporters): Sahr Foundation, Dr. Zafar Iqbal & Dr. Mehr Iqbal, Qazi Family Foundation and PixelEdge Stellar Orbiters: AIIR Foundation, Ashraf Qazi, Aimen Khan, Slavena Emilova Molle and Abid & Farah Donation Fund Space Orbiters: Dr. Abdul Nadir, Dr. Asad Ansari, Dr. Salman Mallick, Dr. Tariq Hameed, Asif Alam, Zubair Faiz, Dr. Kamran Manzoor, Dr. Arsalan Malik and Junaid Qurashi Thank you to all our other monthly donors as well! If you wish to donate, please visit: https://www.kainaatstudios.com/donate

🌍 Jupiter's moon, Europa, is one of the most promising locations in our solar system for finding alien life! Beneath its thick ice sheet lies a vast salt-water ocean, making it a key target for NASA's Europa Clipper Mission. Launched in 2024, this groundbreaking mission will arrive at Europa in 2030, conducting close flybys and even passing through potential plumes of water erupting from its hidden ocean. Could these plumes hold clues to extraterrestrial life? 🔭 In this episode of Kainaat Gup Shup, astrophysicist Salman Hameed dives deep into the mission, exploring the fascinating science behind Europa and its potential to support life. #europaclipper #nasa #scienceexplained #alienlife #extraterrestrial #astronomy #kainaatigupshup #astronomyadventures #jupiter #juice Subscribe to our NEW Kids English Channel here: https://www.youtube.com/@UCdIRtt8-Og1q99bkK5XBhoQ Subscribe to our Kids Channel here: https://www.youtube.com/@KainaatKids Subscribe to our English Channel here: https://www.youtube.com/@kainaatastronomyinenglish For more information about Kainaat Studios: https://www.kainaatstudios.com/ Sign up to our mailing list to get unseen content and hear special announcements! https://www.kainaatstudios.com/newsletter Follow us for more: Facebook https://www.facebook.com/kainaatstudios Twitter https://twitter.com/KainaatStudios Instagram https://www.instagram.com/kainaatstudios/ TikTok https://www.tiktok.com/@kainaatstudios LinkedIn https://www.linkedin.com/company/kainaat Salman Hameed has a PhD in astronomy and is Charles Taylor Chair and Professor of Integrated Science & Humanities at Hampshire College, and a member of the Five College Astronomy Department (FCAD) in Massachusetts, USA. He is also the CEO of the non-profit Kainaat Studios Credits: Written & Hosted by: Salman Hameed Edited by: Shehryar Shaikh Music: “Kainaat” by Umer Piracha Subtitles by: DigiCircle Images: NASA, Wikipedia, ESA, JWST & JPL-Caltech Galactic Orbiters (Founding Supporters): Sahr Foundation, Dr. Zafar Iqbal & Dr. Mehr Iqbal, Qazi Family Foundation and PixelEdge Stellar Orbiters: AIIR Foundation, Ashraf Qazi, Aimen Khan, Slavena Emilova Molle and Abid & Farah Donation Fund Space Orbiters: Dr. Abdul Nadir, Dr. Asad Ansari, Dr. Salman Mallick, Dr. Tariq Hameed, Asif Alam, Zubair Faiz, Dr. Kamran Manzoor, Dr. Arsalan Malik and Junaid Qurashi Thank you to all our other monthly donors as well! If you wish to donate, please visit: https://www.kainaatstudios.com/donate

Mars continues to captivate scientists and space enthusiasts alike! While we've discovered over 5,000 exoplanets orbiting distant stars, the Red Planet remains one of the most intriguing within our solar system. Billions of years ago, Mars had vast oceans and a climate potentially suitable for life. Today, it's a cold, barren desert, but NASA’s rovers, Curiosity and Perseverance, are unearthing fascinating clues about its ancient history. Could Mars have once harbored life? In this episode of Kainaati Gup Shup, astrophysicist Salman Hameed delves into three groundbreaking discoveries that offer new evidence about the possibility of life on Mars. #mars #astronomy #marsstunningvideo #nasa #lifeonmars #scienceexplained Subscribe to our Kids Channel here: https://www.youtube.com/@KainaatKids Subscribe to our English Channel here: https://www.youtube.com/@kainaatastronomyinenglish For more information about Kainaat Studios: https://www.kainaatstudios.com/ Sign up to our mailing list to get unseen content and hear special announcements! https://www.kainaatstudios.com/newsletter Follow us for more: Facebook https://www.facebook.com/kainaatstudios Twitter https://twitter.com/KainaatStudios Instagram https://www.instagram.com/kainaatstudios/ TikTok https://www.tiktok.com/@kainaatstudios LinkedIn https://www.linkedin.com/company/kainaat Salman Hameed has a PhD in astronomy and is Charles Taylor Chair and Professor of Integrated Science & Humanities at Hampshire College, and a member of the Five College Astronomy Department (FCAD) in Massachusetts, USA. He is also the CEO of the non-profit Kainaat Studios Credits: Written & Hosted by: Salman Hameed Edited by: Shehryar Shaikh Music: “Kainaat” by Umer Piracha Subtitles by: DigiCircle Images: NASA, Wikipedia, ESA, California Academy of Sciences, Lunar and Planetary Institute, University of Arizona, JPL-Caltech & Maven Galactic Orbiters (Founding Supporters): Sahr Foundation, Dr. Zafar Iqbal & Dr. Mehr Iqbal, Qazi Family Foundation and PixelEdge Stellar Orbiters: AIIR Foundation, Ashraf Qazi, Aimen Khan, Slavena Emilova Molle and Abid & Farah Donation Fund Space Orbiters: Dr. Abdul Nadir, Dr. Asad Ansari, Dr. Salman Mallick, Dr. Tariq Hameed, Asif Alam, Zubair Faiz, Dr. Kamran Manzoor, Dr. Arsalan Malik and Junaid Qurashi Thank you to all our other monthly donors as well! If you wish to donate, please visit: https://www.kainaatstudios.com/donate Chapters: 00:00 - Introduction 00:55 - Main Titles 03:27 - Underground Water on Mars 10:40 - Sulfur on Mars 14:44 - Signs of, Signs of Life?

We know that blackholes exist. One of the types of blackholes, is roughly on the scale of the mass of our Sun. They form when the large-scale ones die. Then there are supermassive blackholes that exist at the centers of galaxies. These can have masses on the scale of millions or billions of times the mass of our Sun. Our own Milky Way galaxy has a supermassive blackhole that is 4 million times the mass of of our Sun. But astronomers have been looking for medium size blackholes. And now, finally, there is evidence of one in a globular cluster in our own galaxy. In this episode of Kainaati Gup Shup, astrophysicist Salman Hameed discusses how astronomers discovered this mid-size blackhole. Reference: Häberle et al. 2024, oMEGACat II -- Photometry and proper motions for 1.4 million stars in Omega Centauri and its rotation in the plane of the sky https://arxiv.org/abs/2404.03722 Astronomers find the nearest massive black hole, a missing link in massive black hole formation https://www.mpia.de/news/science/2024-10-omega-cen-imbh You can also find a discussion of this on Kainaat's sister channel, Kainaat English: https://youtu.be/opw7bmPbDFA?si=2w7Jpm_8kHG4iY_j For more information about Kainaat Videos: https://www.kainaatstudios.com/ Please subscribe to our channel for Kids here: https://www.youtube.com/@KainaatKids And please subscribe to our English channel here: https://www.youtube.com/@kainaatastronomyinenglish For more information about Kainaat Videos: Official Website: https://www.kainaatstudios.com/ LinkTree (All Links in ONE): https://linktr.ee/kainaatstudios Kainaat Studios's Social Media Portfolio (Follow us): Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/kainaatstudios Twitter: https://twitter.com/KainaatStudios Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/kainaatstudios/ Linkedin: https://www.linkedin.com/company/kainaat Salman Hameed has a PhD in astronomy and is Charles Taylor Chair and Professor of Integrated Science & Humanities at Hampshire College, and a member of the Five College Astronomy Department (FCAD) in Massachusetts, USA. He is also the CEO of the non-profit Kainaat Studios Credits: Written & Hosted by: Salman Hameed Edited by: Shehryar Shaikh Music: “Kainaat” by Umer Piracha Subtitles by: DigiCircle Images: NASA, Wikipedia, STScI, ESO, Max-Planck-Institut für Physik Galactic Orbiters (Founding Supporters): Sahr Foundation Qazi Family Foundation PixelEdge Stellar Orbiters: Dr. Zafar Iqbal & Dr. Mehr Iqbal Ashraf Qazi Aimen Khan Slavena Emilova Molle Abid & Farah Donation Fund AIIR Foundation Space Orbiters: Dr. Abdul Nadir Dr. Asad Ansari Dr. Salman Mallick Dr. Tariq Hameed Asif Alam Zubair Faiz Dr. Kamran Manzoor Dr. Arsalan Malik Junaid Qurashi Thank you to all our other monthly donors as well! If you want to donate, please visit https://www.kainaatstudios.com/donate Chapters: 00:00 - Intro 02:40 - Black holes 04:10 - Gravitational waves 06:10 - End of Star's life 07:16 - Supermassive black hole 08:29 - Blackhole in the middle of galaxies 11:00 - Globular clusters 12:28 - Omega centauri 16:20 - Intermediate mass black hole 21:19 - Formation of a black hole in the galaxy